Critical Elements of Theory
Nadine Williams
The Health Promotion Model seeks to improve the health of the global population through universal utilization. Nola Pender sought to influence behaviors promoting health through positive motivation. The model is used extensively as a framework for research aimed at predicting health promoting lifestyle (McEwen & Wills, 2011). Health promotion is not isolated to a person(s) but interactive with the environment. The environment is not limited to the physical space occupied, but cultural and social influence within the community. Due to this environmental influence, behaviors that may deter success must be addressed. The role of nursing is integral within the community in general and its individual components.
The models success is based on the following assumptions (Nursing Theory, 2011):
a) People attempt to create optimal living conditions
b) People have the ability to complete a self-assessment and know their strengths
c) People value growth
d) People seek to regulate their behavior
e) People interact and transform their environment
f) Nurses and other health professions are an integral part of the community
g) People have the ability to change their behavior as necessary.
The major concepts of the Health Promotional Model are as follows (McEwen & Wills, 2011):
a) Individual characteristic and experience as manifested by prior related behavior. This seeks to utilize past experience and behavior to assess possibility of change. Personal factors play an important role because it identifies behaviors that need adjustment in order to obtain the desired results. It identifies patterns that maybe beneficial, the strengths and weaknesses and is a great way to create a platform to formulate a plan of action.
b) Behavior specific cognitions and affect (the perceived benefits of action). Is extrapolated from situational influences and dictates the intent with effective nursing presence to guide health promotion. Due to environmental influences, each plan is tailored, taking into consideration possible reasons for failure or causes that increase difficulty that may derail success. This plan will clearly outline the benefit of changing ones behavior and the steps necessary to attain such a goal.
c) Behavioral outcome, commitment to plan of action, immediate competing demands and preferences, and health promoting behaviors. This measures the viability of the plan of action and resources available versus resources to be attained. In this tailored plan, nurses should seek to empower individuals with information necessary to achieve success, good health and increased capacity for self-care, thereby highlighting the behavioral outcome of health promotion.
The models success is based on the following assumptions (Nursing Theory, 2011):
a) People attempt to create optimal living conditions
b) People have the ability to complete a self-assessment and know their strengths
c) People value growth
d) People seek to regulate their behavior
e) People interact and transform their environment
f) Nurses and other health professions are an integral part of the community
g) People have the ability to change their behavior as necessary.
The major concepts of the Health Promotional Model are as follows (McEwen & Wills, 2011):
a) Individual characteristic and experience as manifested by prior related behavior. This seeks to utilize past experience and behavior to assess possibility of change. Personal factors play an important role because it identifies behaviors that need adjustment in order to obtain the desired results. It identifies patterns that maybe beneficial, the strengths and weaknesses and is a great way to create a platform to formulate a plan of action.
b) Behavior specific cognitions and affect (the perceived benefits of action). Is extrapolated from situational influences and dictates the intent with effective nursing presence to guide health promotion. Due to environmental influences, each plan is tailored, taking into consideration possible reasons for failure or causes that increase difficulty that may derail success. This plan will clearly outline the benefit of changing ones behavior and the steps necessary to attain such a goal.
c) Behavioral outcome, commitment to plan of action, immediate competing demands and preferences, and health promoting behaviors. This measures the viability of the plan of action and resources available versus resources to be attained. In this tailored plan, nurses should seek to empower individuals with information necessary to achieve success, good health and increased capacity for self-care, thereby highlighting the behavioral outcome of health promotion.